Dysmyelination abnormalities in FCD we confirm primarily a loss of myelinated WM axons but with disorganized patterns of cortical myelination and general preservation and representation of OL cells and their precursors. Our study has highlighted quite a few future lines of investigation to pursue as to the trigger and effects of those integral and diagnostic pathological alterations in the context of FCD.de la Torre-Ubieta L, Bonni A. (2011) Transcriptional regulation of neuronal polarity and morphogenesis inside the mammalian brain. Neuron 72:22?0. Diehl B, Tkach J, Piao Z, Ruggieri P, LaPresto E, Liu P, Fisher E, Bingaman W, Najm I. (2010) Diffusion tensor imaging in patients with focal epilepsy as a result of cortical dysplasia inside the temporo-occipital region: electro-clinico-pathological correlations. Epilepsy Res 90:178?87. Eriksson SH, Rugg-Gunn FJ, Symms MR, Barker GJ, Duncan JS. (2001) Diffusion tensor imaging in individuals with epilepsy and malformations of cortical improvement. Brain 124:617?26. Ess KC. (2010) Tuberous sclerosis complex: a brave new planet? Curr Opin Neurol 23:189?93. Geha S, Pallud J, Junier MP, Devaux B, Leonard N, Chassoux F, Chneiweiss H, Daumas-Duport C, Varlet P. (2010) NG2+/Olig2+ cells will be the major cycle-related cell population of the adult human typical brain. Brain Pathol 20:399?11. Gomis-Ruth S, Wierenga CJ, Bradke F. (2008) Plasticity of polarization: changing dendrites into axons in neurons integrated in neuronal circuits. Curr Biol 18:992?000. Hadjivassiliou G, Martinian L, Squier W, Blumcke I, Aronica E, Sisodiya SM, Thom M.Triruthenium Dodecacarbonyl Formula (2010) The application of cortical layer markers in the evaluation of cortical dysplasias in epilepsy. Acta Neuropathol 120:517?28. Hofman PA, Fitt GJ, Harvey AS, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson G. (2011) Bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia: imaging capabilities. AJR Am J Roentgenol 196:881?85. Jakovcevski I, Filipovic R, Mo Z, Rakic S, Zecevic N. (2009) Oligodendrocyte improvement as well as the onset of myelination within the human fetal brain. Front Neuroanat three:5. Kinney HC, Brody BA, Kloman AS, Gilles FH. (1988) Sequence of central nervous system myelination in human infancy. II. Patterns of myelination in autopsied infants. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 47:217?34. Lamparello P, Baybis M, Pollard J, Hol EM, Eisenstat DD, Aronica E, Crino PB. (2007) Developmental lineage of cell varieties in cortical dysplasia with balloon cells. Brain 130:2267?276. Mackay MT, Becker LE, Chuang SH, Otsubo H, Chuang NA, Rutka J, Ben-Zeev B, Snead OC III, Weiss SK. (2003) Malformations of cortical development with balloon cells: clinical and radiologic correlates. Neurology 60:580?87. Muhlebner A, Coras R, Kobow K, Feucht M, Czech T, Stefan H, Weigel D, Buchfelder M, Holthausen H, Pieper T, Kudernatsch M, Blumcke I.SulfoxFluor Chemscene (2012) Neuropathologic measurements in focal cortical dysplasias: validation on the ILAE 2011 classification system and diagnostic implications for MRI.PMID:32695810 Acta Neuropathol 123:259?72. Najm IM, Tilelli CQ, Oghlakian R. (2007) Pathophysiological mechanisms of focal cortical dysplasia: a essential critique of human tissue studies and animal models. Epilepsia 48(Suppl. 2):21?two. Oishi K, Zilles K, Amunts K, Faria A, Jiang H, Li X, Akhter K, Hua K, Woods R, Toga AW, Pike GB, Rosa-Neto P, Evans A, Zhang J, Huang H, Miller MI, van Zijl Computer, Mazziotta J, Mori S. (2008) Human brain white matter atlas: identification and assignment of typical anatomical structures in superficial white matter. Neuroimage 43:447?57. Oster JM, Igbokwe E, Cosgrove GR, Cole AJ. (2012.